Report - Unmasking the Impacts of Toxic Chemicals on Salon Workers (2024)

Salons can be a hazardous place to work given that many harmful chemicals can be found in salon products. The predominantly female workforce in hair and nail salons are exposed to these chemicals for many hours at a time on a daily basis. Research shows that this exposure can harm a salon worker’s health.

Salon workers deserve better. The creation of safer products, better laws, and the use of best practices in salons can significantly reduce the health problems experienced by women working in salons.

How are salon workers exposed to toxic chemicals?

Salon workers are exposed to toxic chemicals from salon products by inhaling chemicals from salon air as well as absorbing chemicals through their skin as they work with products on their clients.

What are some of the problem chemicals found in salons?

Harmful and irritating chemicals such as acetone, toluene, ammonia, and methyl methacrylate are commonly found in salon air. Levels are particularly high in salons with little or no ventilation.

Hair dyes and bleaches, permanent wave solutions, and acrylic nail products are just a few common salon products that contain chemicals harsh to skin. These products can cause irritation, allergic reactions, and dermatitis (rash) in salon workers.

Cancer-causing formaldehyde can be released from hair straighteners and flat iron sprays when used with high heat.

What does medical research say about health effects experienced by salon workers?

Some surveys found that over 60% of salon workers suffer from skin conditions, such as dermatitis, on their hands. These conditions often start during cosmetology school or other salon work training.

Studies have measured decreased lung function in both hairdressers and nail salon workers. Both groups also have higher risks of developing asthma.

Hairdressers and cosmetologists may be more likely to give birth to low birth weight babies, especially when their work involves using hairspray and permanent waves. Studies of hairdressers have also found an increased risk of miscarriage and babies born with cleft palates and other birth defects.

Studies have found increased risks of several types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, cancer of the larynx, bladder cancer, and multiple myeloma, in hairdressers.

Cosmetologists surveyed were found to be at higher risk of depression compared to workers in other jobs. The risks were highest for salon workers who had worked longer than 20 years in the industry, those who worked with cleaning products in the salon, and those who texturized hair.

Hairdressers were shown to have greater risks of dying from three neurological conditions: Alzheimer’s disease, presenile dementia, and motor neuron disease, compared to workers in other jobs.

Nail salon workers have greater risk of immune disorders such as lupus and primary biliary cirrhosis compared to workers in other jobs.

(Citations for all of these scientific studies can be found in the full report Beauty and Its Beast)

What are the recommendations for improving the health of salon workers?

In the long term, salon safety depends on manufacturers creating safer products. Safer salon products should be effective without harming air quality in the salon or causing health effects among workers.

Immediate solutions for salon worker and owners include best practices such as using less toxic products, improved ventilation, use of gloves and masks, and opting out of offering the most toxic or problematic salon services.

Lawmakers need to pass strong laws to ensure safer cosmetic and salon products.

More research needs to be done and must include strategies to avoid toxic chemical exposure in a salon, and research to better understand salon worker exposures to harmful chemicals, including collective exposures to multiple chemicals from various sources in the salon.

Download the Beauty and Its Beast fact sheet

Report - Unmasking the Impacts of Toxic Chemicals on Salon Workers (1)Do you work in a salon? We want your feedback!
Report - Unmasking the Impacts of Toxic Chemicals on Salon Workers (2024)

FAQs

What happens if a worker is exposed to harmful chemicals? ›

Common Toxic Inhalants in the Workplace

People who work with toxic materials should be provided with protective gear and respirators if necessary. A worker who breathes in a toxic airborne substance may suffer immediate injury or—if exposed to small amounts over many years—may develop an occupational disease.

What are the strategies in your salon to Minimise the risk of chemical exposure? ›

For example, cut client's hair before applying hair dye to reduce exposure of your hands to hair dye. Use fewer products and smaller amounts of each product when performing services. Wash your hands before and after performing services to remove any chemical residue.

Who makes sure that the chemicals used in a salon are safe if used properly? ›

FDA has authority over cosmetic product safety, but other agencies regulate workplace safety. Your state and local licensing authorities also may have requirements, and you will need to contact them directly.

What are the chemical hazards in beauty salons? ›

Toluene, formaldehyde, and dibutyl phthalate are sometimes referred to in the industry as the "toxic trio". Toluene (nail polish, fingernail glue): dry or cracked skin; headaches, dizziness, and numbness; irritated eyes, nose, throat, and lungs; damage to liver and kidneys; and harm to unborn children during pregnancy.

How do you prove chemical exposure? ›

The most common ways of measuring potential exposure to a chemical or a physical agent are attempting to quantify it in the air or near a person's breathing zone (industrial hygiene testing) or measuring it in some bodily fluid, like blood or urine, or in tissue, like fat.

What happens if you are exposed to toxic chemicals? ›

What are the symptoms of a harmful chemical exposure? A small chemical exposure can cause tearing eyes and burning of the eyes, nose, throat, chest and skin. It may cause headache, sweating, blurred vision, stomach aches and diarrhea.

What are the 7 safety measures for controlling hazardous chemicals? ›

Never work alone when hazardous chemicals are involved.
  • Maintain an organized and orderly facility.
  • Communicate hazards to everyone in the facility.
  • Follow basic safety procedures.
  • Use engineering controls.
  • Use PPE as needed or required.
  • Follow requirements for high hazard chemicals.
Nov 14, 2023

How do you manage chemical risks at work? ›

The most effective way to manage the risks associated with hazardous chemicals is to follow the Storemasta methodology. This methodology has 4 phases: Identify, Assess, Control and Sustain.

How do you solve chemical exposure? ›

First Aid: Chemical Exposure
  1. Stop the source. Remove the person from contact with the chemical spill, airborne particles, or fumes. ...
  2. Clear the lungs. Take the person to fresh air. ...
  3. Flush the eyes. Flush the affected eye with water for at least 15 minutes. ...
  4. Clean the skin.

Who is responsible for the health and safety of the employees of the salon? ›

Employers have the responsibility to provide working conditions that do not put workers at risk of serious harm. You have the right to receive training and information on job hazards and methods to prevent harm.

What are 2 toxic substances used in a salon? ›

Harmful Chemicals to Avoid
Chemical NameFound in These Products
TolueneNail polish, nail glue, hair dye, wig glue/hairpiece bonding
Methyl Methacrylate (MMA)Artificial nails
Cyclopentasiloxane or cyclomethiconeFlat iron sprays, thermal protection sprays
StyreneHair extension glue; lace wig glue
5 more rows

Who is responsible for the safe use of chemicals? ›

If you are an employer, the law requires you to control the use of chemicals at work. To do this you need to assess the risks in your workplace and implement and maintain effective control measures.

What are the main hazards in a salon? ›

Bodily Injury Risks
  • Slippery floors due to product spills and hair clippings.
  • Burns from dryers and curling irons.
  • Cuts from razors.
  • Repeated exposure to hair products and coloring agents.
  • Chemical hazards in hair dye causing injury to customers.

How to overcome the risks in a salon? ›

Salons are basically obstacle courses — wires, wet floors and everything in between. To minimise the risk of slips and trips, keep walkways clear, promptly clean spills and secure loose cords. Staff training should also include awareness of these risks and the importance of maintaining a tidy, hazard-free workspace.

What are the 4 hazards from chemicals? ›

Chemical hazards and toxic substances pose a wide range of health hazards (such as irritation, sensitization, and carcinogenicity) and physical hazards (such as flammability, corrosion, and explosibility).

What should you do if you are exposed to hazardous chemicals? ›

Get medical attention promptly. If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly.

When an employee may be exposed to hazardous chemicals when must training take place? ›

Employees must be trained on the hazardous chemicals they may encounter at the time of initial assignment, whenever a new hazard is introduced into the workplace, and when employees may be exposed to other employers' workplace chemical hazards.

What happens if you are exposed to hazardous substances? ›

In some cases, hazardous substances may irritate the skin or eyes, make it difficult to breathe, cause headaches and nausea, or result in other types of illness.

What are the effects of chemical hazards to workers? ›

Chronic health effects typically result from repeated exposure to chemicals and can lead to serious, long-term effects, including occupational hearing loss, liver damage, bronchitis and cancer.

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