Taxing Your Income from Day Trading - dummies (2024)

Income seems like a straightforward concept, but little about taxation is straightforward. To the IRS, the money you make as a day trader falls into different categories, with different tax rates, different allowed deductions, and different forms to fill out.

Don't worry, we're going to cover those here and make it as straightforward as possible.

Earned income

Earned income includes wages, salaries, bonuses, and tips. It's money that you make on the job. But even if day trading is your only occupation, your earnings are not considered to be earned income. This means that day traders, whether classified for tax purposes as investors or traders, don't have to pay the self-employment tax on their trading income. Isn't that great?

Maybe. Maybe not. The self-employment tax, the bane of many an independent businessperson, is a contribution to the Social Security fund. The problem is that if you don't have earned income, you aren't paying into Social Security, which means that you might not be eligible for retirement benefits.

To collect benefits, you have to have paid in 40 credits, and you can earn a maximum of four credits per year. Most employees do this easily, but if you have taken time off work or have a long history of work as an independent investor, you may not have paid enough in.

Any benefits you do collect are based on the 35 years of highest earned income over your work history. Your years of independent trading show up as years with zero earned income, and that might hurt your ultimate benefit.

Investment income

Investment income is your total income from property held for investment before any deductions. This includes interest, dividends, annuities, and royalties. It does not include net capital gains, unless you choose to include them. Do you want to include them? Well, read the next section.

Other than net capital gains, which you might or might not decided to include, most day traders have very little investment income for tax purposes.

Capital gains and losses

A capital gain is the profit you make when you buy low and sell high. The opposite of a capital gain is a capital loss — selling an asset for less than you paid for it. Investors can offset some of their capital gains with some of their capital losses to reduce their tax burden.

Those who trade frequently will have many capital gains and losses, though, and they may very well run afoul of complicated IRS rules about capital gains taxation. When designing your trading strategy, think long and hard about how much pain taxes might cause.

The financial world is filled with horror stories of people who thought they found a clever angle on making big profits, only to discover that their tax liability was greater than their profit. In the real world, taxes matter.

Capital gains come in two flavors: short term and long term. You're charged a low rate on long-term capital gains, which right now is defined as the gain on assets held for more than one year. How low? It's 15 percent right now. Short-term capital gains, which are those made on any asset held for one year or less, are taxed at the ordinary income rate, probably 28 percent or more.

About This Article

This article is from the book:

About the book author:

Ann C. Logue, MBA, is a lecturer in Finance at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She holds the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation, and has written about business and finance for Barron's, Entrepreneur, and InvestHedge as well as other publications. Visit her blog and website at www.annlogue.com.

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Taxing Your Income from Day Trading  - dummies (2024)

FAQs

How is income from day trading taxed? ›

Day trading taxes can vary depending on your trading patterns and your overall income, but they generally range between 10% and 37% of your profits. Income from trading is subject to capital gains taxes.

What is the best tax strategy for day traders? ›

The first way day traders avoid taxes is by using the mark-to-market method. This method takes advantage of the ability of day traders to offset capital gains with capital losses. Investors can get a tax deduction for any investments they lost money on and use that to avoid or reduce capital gains tax.

What is the wash sale rule for dummies? ›

Q: How does the wash sale rule work? If you sell a security at a loss and buy the same or a substantially identical security within 30 calendar days before or after the sale, you won't be able to take a loss for that security on your current-year tax return.

How many trades do you need to be a day trader for taxes? ›

We recommend an average of four transactions per day, four days per week, 16 trades per week, 60 a month, and 720 per year on an annualized basis. Count each open and closing transaction separately, not round-trip.

How much money do day traders with $10,000 accounts make per day on average? ›

On average, day traders with $10,000 accounts can make $200-$600 per day, with skilled traders aiming for 2%-5% returns daily. So, it is possible to achieve a daily profit of $200 to $600 with a $10,000 account.

How do I pay myself as a day trader? ›

A day trader can have dry spells or experience volatility in their earnings. As a result, many trading firms offer instead a draw in lieu of a salary. This is often a modest amount of money meant to cover everyday living expenses and is drawn monthly. Then, any excess earnings are paid out in the form of bonuses.

What is the number one rule in day trading? ›

Win or lose, sell out. Most day traders make it a rule never to hold a losing position overnight in the hope that part or all of the losses can be recouped. For one thing, brokers have higher margin requirements for overnight trades, and that means additional capital is required. There's a good reason for that.

How much can I write off as a day trader? ›

Trader tax status also allows day traders to make an election for something called mark to market. A day trader who does not have trader tax status can only write off up to $3,000 in trading losses when they file taxes, but those with mark to market election can claim greater losses, if applicable.

What is the simplest day trading strategy? ›

Trend Trading

Trend trading relies on the mantra 'the trend is your friend. ' Trend traders focus on directional price movements and take a position according to the prevailing trend. If you choose this strategy, you'd go long when there's a general upward movement in price, and sell if it's the opposite.

How do day traders avoid wash sales? ›

To avoid a wash sale, the investor can wait more than 30 days from the sale to purchase an identical or substantially identical investment or invest in exchange-traded or mutual funds with similar investments to the one sold.

How much stock can you sell without paying taxes? ›

Capital Gains Tax
Long-Term Capital Gains Tax RateSingle Filers (Taxable Income)Head of Household
0%Up to $44,625Up to $59,750
15%$44,626-$492,300$59,751-$523,050
20%Over $492,300Over $523,050

Can I sell stock at Gain and buy back immediately? ›

You can buy the same stock back at any time, and this has no bearing on the sale you have made for profit. Rules only dictate that you pay taxes on any profit you make from assets. To profit in stocks, means that you make rich rewards.

How to prove income as a day trader? ›

Some ways to prove self-employment income include:
  1. Annual Tax Return (Form 1040) This is the most credible and straightforward way to demonstrate your income over the last year since it's an official legal document recognized by the IRS. ...
  2. 1099 Forms. ...
  3. Bank Statements. ...
  4. Profit/Loss Statements. ...
  5. Self-Employed Pay Stubs.

How to do your own taxes as a day trader? ›

You'd report most sales and other capital transactions and calculate capital gain or loss on Form 8949, Sales and Other Dispositions of Capital Assets, then summarize your capital gains and deductible capital losses on Schedule D (Form 1040), Capital Gains and Losses.

Who does the IRS consider a day trader? ›

You must seek to profit from daily market movements in the prices of securities and not from dividends, interest, or capital appreciation; Your activity must be substantial; and. You must carry on the activity with continuity and regularity.

Do you pay tax on day trading? ›

It doesn't matter whether you're self-employed, a part-time or full-time day trader. As long as your gains exceed the threshold, you'll be liable for capital gains tax. How much capital gains tax you pay depends on how much you earn, but the two rates are: 10% (the basic rate)

Can you day trade with less than 25000? ›

First, pattern day traders must maintain minimum equity of $25,000 in their margin account on any day that the customer day trades. This required minimum equity, which can be a combination of cash and eligible securities, must be in your account prior to engaging in any day-trading activities.

How many day trades can you make in a day? ›

A day trade is when you purchase or short a security and then sell or cover the same security in the same day. Essentially, if you have a $5,000 account, you can only make three-day trades in any rolling five-day period. Once your account value is above $25,000, the restriction no longer applies to you.

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